Approaches and Techniques of Phenomenon-Based Learning: PheBL

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.60027/jelr.2025.790

Keywords:

Approaches, , Techniques, , Phenomenon-Based Learning

Abstract

Background and Aims: Phenomenon-Based Learning is important because it connects academic content to real-world issues, making learning more meaningful and engaging for students. It improves critical thinking and prepares students to face real-world challenges by addressing complex, multifaceted problems from multiple perspectives. This paper aims to investigate the approaches and techniques of phenomenon-based learning. PheBL

Methodology: The paper presents a thorough examination of various educational approaches and techniques within the PheBL framework. It systematically investigates how integrating real-world phenomena from multiple disciplines can improve teaching practices and student learning outcomes.

Results: The finding found that Phenomenon-Based Learning (PheBL) is a comprehensive approach to education that places real-world phenomena at the center of inquiry and learning. By combining disciplines around a common phenomenon, PheBL encourages students to investigate complex, multifaceted issues from multiple perspectives. This methodology encourages deeper comprehension and critical thinking by actively involving students in problem-solving and inquiry. Finally, PheBL's approach not only aligns educational practices with real-world contexts but also increases student engagement and comprehension by employing an interdisciplinary lens that reflects the world's interconnectedness.

Conclusion: The findings show that Phenomenon-Based Learning (PheBL) effectively centers education on real-world issues, bringing together multiple disciplines to foster a deeper, more critical understanding of complex topics. This approach improves student engagement and comprehension while also aligning learning practices with the interconnected nature of real-world problems.

References

Ash, S. L., & Clayton, P. H. (2009). Generating, deepening, and documenting learning: The power of critical reflection in applied learning. Journal of Applied Learning in Higher Education, 1(1), 25-48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.57186/jalhe_2009_v1a2p25-48

Barrows, H. S. (1996). Problem-based learning in medicine and beyond A brief overview. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 1996(68), 3-14. https://doi.org/10.1002/tl.37219966804 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tl.37219966804

Beers, S. Z. (2006). 21st century skills: Preparing students for the future. American Association of School Librarians.

Bevins, S., & Price, J. (2016). The use of field trips in the classroom: Exploring student attitudes and perceptions. Journal of Educational Research and Practice, 6(1), 25-37. https://doi.org/10.5590/JERAP.2016.06.1.03 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5590/JERAP.2016.06.1.03

Brown, J. S., Collins, A., & Duguid, P. (1989). Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational Researcher, 18(1), 32-42. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543018001032 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X018001032

Dabbagh, N., & Kitsantas, A. (2012). Personal learning environments, social media, and self-regulated learning: A natural formula for connecting formal and informal learning. The Internet and Higher Education, 15(1), 3-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.06.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.06.002

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01

Dewey, J. (1938). Experience and education. Macmillan.

Dillenbourg, P. (1999). Collaborative learning: Cognitive and computational approaches. Elsevier.

Duguid, P. (2005). The art of co-teaching: Insights and perspectives from the field. Journal of Interdisciplinary Teaching and Learning, 1(2), 43-55.

Ertmer, P. A., & Simons, K. D. (2006). Scaffolded instruction and problem-based learning. In P. A. Ertmer & J. Quinn (Eds.), Theoretical foundations of learning environments (pp. 267-286). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Garrand, G. (2006). Simulations in education: A review of practice and future potential. Educational Technology Research and Development, 54(4), 365-381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-006-9006-2

Garrison, D. R., & Vaughan, N. D. (2008). Blended learning in higher education: Framework, principles, and guidelines. Jossey-Bass. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118269558

Guskey, T. R. (2003). How classroom assessments improve learning. Educational Leadership, 60(5), 6-11.

Halinen, I. (2018). The new educational curriculum in Finland. In M. Matthes, L. Pulkkinen, C. Clouder, & B. Heys (Eds.), Improving the quality of childhood in Europe (pp. 75–89). Alliance for Childhood European Network Foundation.

Halinen, I. (2018). The new educational curriculum in Finland. In M. Matthes, L. Pulkkinen, C. Clouder, &

Herrington, J., Reeves, T. C., & Oliver, R. (2014). Authentic learning environments. In J. M. Spector, M. D. Merrill, J. Elen, & M. J. Bishop (Eds.), Handbook of research on educational communications and technology (pp. 401-412). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3185-5_32 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3185-5_32

Hmelo-Silver, C. E. (2004). Problem-based learning: What and how do students learn? Educational Psychology Review, 16(3), 235-266. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EDPR.0000034022.16470.f3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EDPR.0000034022.16470.f3

Hodge, E., & Lear, J. (2009). Self-directed learning and the problem-based learning approach. Journal of Educational Psychology, 101(1), 123-135. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012948 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012948

Jacobs, H. H. (2009). Interdisciplinary curriculum: Design and implementation. Corwin Press.

Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (1994). Learning together and alone: Cooperative, competitive, and individualistic learning. Allyn and Bacon.

Kisiel, J. (2005). Field trips and the science curriculum: A look at the use of field trips in science education. Science Education Review, 4(2), 58-70.

Klein, J. T. (2006). Interdisciplinarity: History, theory, and practice. Wayne State University Press.

Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Prentice Hall.

Leat, D., & Reid, A. (2021). Phenomenon-based learning: Transforming teaching through real-world problem-solving. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 53(4), 568-586. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2020.1867032

Lombardi, M. M. (2007). Authentic learning for the 21st century: An overview. EDUCAUSE Learning Initiative. Retrieved from https://library.educause.edu/resources/2007/1/authentic-learning-for-the-21st-century-an-overview

Lombardi, M. M. (2007). Authentic learning for the 21st century: An overview. EDUCAUSE Learning Initiative. Retrieved from https://library.educause.edu/resources/2007/1/authentic-learning-for-the-21st-century-an-overview

Lonka, K. (2015). Innovative schools: teaching & learning in the digital era. European Parliament.

Miller, K., & Glover, J. (2011). Collaborative learning and problem-based approaches in interdisciplinary education. Educational Research Review, 6(3), 247-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2011.06.003

Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017-1054. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9620.2006.00684.x

Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/016146810610800610

Naik, G. (2019). Education for the future: Exploring the Finnish phenomenon-based learning model. International Journal of Educational Development, 70, 102-108.

Roblyer, M. D., & Doering, A. H. (2013). Integrating educational technology into teaching (6th ed.). Pearson.

Rogoff, B. (2003). The cultural nature of human development. Oxford University Press.

Rule, A. C. (2006). The components of authentic learning. Journal of Authentic Learning, 3(1), 1-10.

Schön, D. A. (1983). The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action. Basic Books.

Silander, P. (2015). Digital pedagogy. In P. Mattila & P. Silander (Eds.), How to create the school of the future: Revolutionary thinking and design from Finland (pp. 9–26). University of Oulu Center for Internet Excellence.

Silander, P. (2015). Phenomenon-based learning: An instructional approach. In J. Niemi & P. Silander (Eds.), Transforming Education in Finland (pp. 81-95).

Slavin, R. E. (1995). Cooperative learning: Theory, research, and practice. Allyn and Bacon.

Smith, B. L., & MacGregor, J. T. (2005). Designing and assessing collaborative learning. In M. McKeachie (Ed.), Teaching Tips: Strategies, Research, and Theory for College and University Teachers (pp. 116-130). Houghton Mifflin.

Symeonidis, V., & Schwarz, J. F. (2016). Phenomenon-based teaching and learning through the pedagogical lenses of phenomenology: The recent curriculum reform in Finland. Forum Oświatowe, 28(2), 31-47.

Van den Akker, J., Gravemeijer, K., McKenney, S., & Nieveen, N. (2006). Educational design research. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203088364

Zimmerman, B. J. (2002). Becoming a self-regulated learner: Thoughts on the role of goal setting and self-reflection. College Student Journal, 36(2), 216-226. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s15430421tip4102_2

Downloads

Published

2025-01-09

How to Cite

Jongyung, T. (2025). Approaches and Techniques of Phenomenon-Based Learning: PheBL. Journal of Education and Learning Reviews, 2(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.60027/jelr.2025.790