In European Security: The Changing European Security Policy under the Trump 2.0 Administration as a Reflection of the World Order 1991-2024

Abstract

Since Donald J. Trump's second ascension to power as President of the United States in 2025, Trump's stance and rhetoric have been sharply critical of his allies in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), especially the role of his European allies in the case of the Russia-Ukraine war that has been ongoing since 2022, citing the cost and role of supporting the war for Ukraine, which is defending the country from a full-scale invasion by Russia, which Trump claims that the United States bears more than half of the support. However, despite reports that the European Union countries have borne no less aid to Ukraine in comparison to the size of their economies,

Trump's stance towards Europe, from the level of the leaders of the Union to Ukraine, has become a debate about a new relationship between the United States and Europe, which may mean a separation in security policy after being a single part of the Trans-Atlantic world order since 1945 or after the end of World War II.

The study of the United States' security policy towards Europe has therefore become a subject of study that can understand the changes in the world order. In particular, the continuity of the Western world order from the Pax Europa to the Pax Americana era, which is a legacy of World War I, II, and the Cold War. The study in this article aims to study the changes in the Western world order from the transition from Pax Europa to Pax Americana as a case study of the dynamics of world order changes to lead to the continuity of the Trump 2.0 policy in Europe. The proposal will be explained through the concept of historical continuity or Longue durée to explain the transition of the Trans-Atlantic World Order.