SOCIAL MEDIA AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF POLITICAL DISCOURSE: IMPACTS ON CITIZENS’ PERCEPTION OF REALITY

Abstract

This academic article aims to analyze the role of social media in constructing political discourse and to explore its impacts on citizens' perception of reality in the digital age. This study is qualitative research, employing a literature review of relevant theories and research from both domestic and international contexts, as well as a case study analysis of events in Thai politics. The findings reveal that social media has significantly altered the dynamics of the political public sphere by enabling the creation and dissemination of diverse political discourses. However, the architectural features of these platforms, such as algorithms that foster echo chambers and filter bubbles, have accelerated political polarization and facilitated the rapid spread of disinformation. These phenomena directly impact citizens' perception of reality, blurring the lines between fact and opinion and eroding the shared understanding that forms the bedrock of a democratic society. This article suggests that all sectors must recognize these challenges, emphasizing the necessity of promoting digital media literacy, platform accountability, and fostering a culture of critical fact-checking among citizens.