Research and Development of a Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) – Based Baggage Management System for Airports

Abstract

This research aims to propose the design and development of an automated baggage management system (BHS) using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to address and improve the efficiency of conventional barcode-based baggage handling systems (BHS), which often rely on low read rates and lack real-time baggage tracking capabilities. The study began with a thorough analysis of the baggage handling process in the current airport environment, from check-in, sorting, to loading, to identify critical points leading to high volumes of mishandled baggage. A prototype system was then designed and constructed, integrating ultra-high-frequency (UHF) RFID technology with a miniature conveyor belt model. The developed system comprised RFID readers, antennas, and application software for database management and real-time baggage location data display. Experimental testing demonstrated that the developed system could increase tag reading accuracy to 99.8% and reduce the processing time for each baggage item from 5-7 seconds to less than 1 second, resulting in a 100% baggage sorting accuracy in a simulated environment. These results demonstrate the potential of RFID technology to significantly reduce baggage backlog and improve airport operations. This research therefore lays an important foundation for creating the smart airport of the future. and provide practical suggestions for the practical application of technology to improve service quality and passenger travel safety.