Developing an Educational Framework for Cultural Heritage Learning: A Mixed-Methods Study of Phu Phra Bat Historical Park Integration in Buddhist Secondary Education in Northeast Thailand
Keywords:
Cultural heritage education, Learning management model, Local pride, UNESCO World Heritage, Buddhist education, ThailandAbstract
Background: The preservation and promotion of cultural heritage through education has become increasingly important for fostering local identity and pride among students. Phu Phra Bat Historical Park in Udon Thani Province, Thailand, will be designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, creating opportunities for educational integration.
Purpose: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a learning management model for teaching about Phu Phra Bat Historical Park as cultural heritage to promote local pride among lower secondary students in Phrapariyattidhamma schools in Udon Thani Province.
Methods: A mixed-methods research design was employed across four phases: (1) needs assessment through survey research (n=189) and qualitative interviews (n=72), (2) model development through expert focus groups, (3) experimental implementation with a purposive sample of 50 students, and (4) stakeholder evaluation with 10 participants. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, dependent t-tests, and thematic analysis.
Results: Phase 1 revealed moderate overall learning management conditions (M=2.85, SD=0.64), with social-cultural aspects scoring highest (M=4.30) and knowledge aspects lowest (M=1.88). Phase 2 produced the BEC-D-CE learning model incorporating constructivist and participatory learning theories. Phase 3 demonstrated significant improvement in post-test scores (M=16.08) compared to pre-test scores (M=7.48, p<.05). Phase 4 evaluation showed high effectiveness across efficiency (M=4.13), effectiveness (M=3.69), and impact (M=4.33) dimensions.
Conclusions: The developed learning management model effectively enhanced students' local pride and cultural heritage knowledge. The study provides a framework for integrating UNESCO World Heritage sites into formal education curricula, contributing to both heritage preservation and educational innovation.
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