Integration of Buddhist Iddhipāda Principles in Online Learning Management: A Mixed-Methods Research and Development Study of Social Studies Teachers in Northeast Thailand
Keywords:
Buddhist education, Iddhipāda principles, online learning management, social studies education, Northeast Thailand, mixed-methods researchAbstract
Background: The global shift toward online learning, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, has necessitated innovative pedagogical approaches that address both academic effectiveness and student well-being. In Thailand's culturally rich educational context, the integration of Buddhist principles into modern teaching practices presents a promising avenue for enhancing online learning management.
Purpose: This research and development (R&D) study investigates the integration of Buddhist Iddhipāda principles—Chanda (desire), Viriya (effort), Citta (mindfulness), and Vīmaṁsā (investigation)—in online learning management among social studies teachers across four provinces in Northeast Thailand.
Methods: Employing a mixed-methods R&D design, this study collected quantitative data from 450 social studies teachers through structured questionnaires and qualitative insights from 35 participants via semi-structured interviews. The research was conducted across Maha Sarakham, Kalasin, Roi Et, and Yasothon provinces between January and August 2022. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and regression analysis, while qualitative data underwent thematic analysis.
Results: Findings revealed moderate to high implementation levels of Buddhist Iddhipāda principles in online learning (M = 3.68, SD = 0.74). Vīmaṁsā (investigation) showed the highest implementation score (M = 3.89, SD = 0.68), followed by Viriya (effort) (M = 3.76, SD = 0.71). Significant differences emerged based on teaching experience (F = 12.34, p < 0.001) and school size (F = 8.97, p < 0.001). The developed framework demonstrated 78% effectiveness in improving student engagement and 72% enhancement in critical thinking skills.
Conclusions: The integration of Buddhist Iddhipāda principles significantly enhances online learning management effectiveness. The study contributes a culturally responsive pedagogical framework that bridges traditional wisdom with contemporary educational technology, offering practical implications for Southeast Asian educational contexts.
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