Promoting Inquiry-Based Learning in Thai Science Education: Enhancing Scientific Literacy and Critical Thinking

Abstract

This paper explores the transformative role of Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) in enhancing scientific literacy and critical thinking in Thai science education. Rooted in constructivist theories, IBL fosters student engagement by promoting curiosity, critical analysis, and hands-on experimentation. As opposed to traditional rote memorization, IBL encourages students to formulate questions, design experiments, and collaboratively solve problems, bridging theoretical knowledge with practical applications. The research highlights the current limitations of Thai science education, which often prioritizes standardized testing and passive learning, resulting in limited critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. By integrating IBL into classrooms, educators can create dynamic learning environments that equip students with 21st-century skills, including creativity, teamwork, and the ability to analyze and address complex scientific issues. Case studies from Thai educational institutions demonstrate the efficacy of IBL in boosting student motivation, understanding, and performance, particularly through collaborative learning models and STEM-focused approaches. Furthermore, the paper underscores the importance of teacher preparedness and professional development in adopting IBL methodologies. Effective implementation requires comprehensive training programs, mentorship, and systemic curriculum reforms to align teaching practices with inquiry-based frameworks. Challenges such as resource constraints, traditional pedagogical mindsets, and rigid curricula are addressed, offering policy recommendations to facilitate widespread adoption of IBL in Thai schools. The findings emphasize the potential of IBL to transform Thai science education, preparing students to thrive in a rapidly evolving global landscape. By fostering critical thinking and scientific literacy, IBL not only enhances academic outcomes but also cultivates informed, responsible citizens capable of tackling real-world challenges. This study advocates for a paradigm shift in educational practices, urging stakeholders to prioritize inquiry-driven pedagogy as a cornerstone of educational reform.