Assessing Learning Outcomes in Thai Secondary Schools: A Comparative Study of Traditional and Alternative Evaluation Methods

Abstract

This comparative study investigates traditional and alternative evaluation methods used to assess learning outcomes in Thai secondary schools. Traditional methods, including standardized testing and memorization-based assessments, are widely implemented but often criticized for their narrow focus on rote learning. These methods may limit students' critical thinking and problem-solving skills, which are essential in Thailand's evolving socio-economic landscape. In contrast, alternative evaluation methods—such as formative assessments, project-based evaluations, and rubric-referenced assessments—aim to provide a more holistic view of student learning by fostering creativity, critical thinking, and engagement. This study examines the impact of these two approaches on student performance, motivation, and overall learning quality. Findings indicate that alternative methods enhance student engagement and adaptability by encouraging active learning and real-world applications, while traditional methods offer standardized measures that support accountability and comparability across institutions. The study concludes by recommending a blended approach to assessments in Thai secondary education to support diverse learning needs and competencies, ultimately aligning more closely with Thailand's educational goals in a globalized world.