Development of Systems Thinking Skill in Language Use to Express Reasoning for Grade 12 Students Through Computational Thinking-Based Learning and Graphic Organizers

Abstract

This article aims 1) to analyze the development of systems thinking skills in using language for reasoning among Grade 12 students who received learning management based on computational thinking concepts combined with the use of graphic organizers, and 2) to study best practices in learning management based on computational thinking concepts combined with the use of graphic organizers that promote systems thinking skills in using language for reasoning among Grade 12 students. The target group consisted of 28 Grade 12 students from a demonstration school in Bangkok in the academic year 2024. Data were analyzed using arithmetic mean, relative gain score, and qualitative data analysis. The findings revealed that 1) after receiving instruction based on computational thinking concepts combined with the use of graphic organizers, students had a better level of development in systems thinking skills in using language for reasoning, with an average relative gain score of 70.95, which is considered high. Examining the thinking assessment worksheets in each learning cycle showed that students' scores increased in every cycle of the learning management, with scores of 4.15, 5.7, 9.25, and 11.65, respectively. 2) Three best practices were identified: 1) connecting reasoning content to familiar and interesting topics;2) learning from examples to create knowledge prototypes; and 3) collaborative thinking and creation to develop graphic organizers.